{
  "reviewed": "2026-11-09",
  "scope": "Selected evidence, fuller literary tradition and Babylon interpretation are different layers.",
  "terms": [
    {
      "term": "4Q208 / 4Q Enastrᵃ",
      "meaning": "One Aramaic Astronomical Book witness from Cave 4; the superscript a distinguishes a manuscript, not a planet.",
      "evidence_layer": "Custodian identity",
      "source": "https://www.deadseascrolls.org.il/explore-the-archive/image/B-371434"
    },
    {
      "term": "4Q209 / 4Q Enastrᵇ",
      "meaning": "A different physical witness. Its surviving words, reconstruction and dating must be tracked separately.",
      "evidence_layer": "Custodian identity",
      "source": "https://www.deadseascrolls.org.il/explore-the-archive/image/B-371441"
    },
    {
      "term": "Lunar visibility",
      "meaning": "The tables discuss the Moon being visible or hidden during day and night. This is a schematic account of a changing cycle.",
      "evidence_layer": "Selected Aramaic passage discussion",
      "source": "https://pure.manchester.ac.uk/ws/portalfiles/portal/158031586/ReconstructingHJ4Q208_4Q209_2_.pdf"
    },
    {
      "term": "Sevenths and half-sevenths",
      "meaning": "One half of one seventh is one fourteenth. These are units within a textual scheme; they are not fourteen Hebrew letters or a modern measured illumination percentage.",
      "evidence_layer": "Selected Aramaic passage discussion",
      "source": "https://pure.manchester.ac.uk/ws/portalfiles/portal/158031586/ReconstructingHJ4Q208_4Q209_2_.pdf"
    },
    {
      "term": "Gate / portal",
      "meaning": "A numbered place of rising or setting in the ancient account. Gate 3 in a damaged lunar passage is not automatically Gimel, a zodiac sign, or a Sefer Yetzirah letter-pair gate.",
      "evidence_layer": "Selected passage and fuller literary context",
      "source": "https://pure.manchester.ac.uk/ws/portalfiles/portal/158031586/ReconstructingHJ4Q208_4Q209_2_.pdf"
    },
    {
      "term": "Full and hollow months",
      "meaning": "Thirty-day and twenty-nine-day month lengths in calendar reconstruction. Their order and placement are research questions, not complete surviving instructions on every piece.",
      "evidence_layer": "Reconstruction vocabulary",
      "source": "https://pure.manchester.ac.uk/ws/portalfiles/portal/158031586/ReconstructingHJ4Q208_4Q209_2_.pdf"
    },
    {
      "term": "364-day year",
      "meaning": "The fuller 1 Enoch 72:32 and 82:4–6 describe 364 days. Four 91-day quarters give 52 seven-day weeks. A textual ideal year differs from a measured seasonal year.",
      "evidence_layer": "Fuller Ethiopic tradition in translation",
      "source": "https://www.ccel.org/c/charles/otpseudepig/enoch/ENOCH_3.HTM"
    },
    {
      "term": "354-day lunar scheme",
      "meaning": "Twelve alternating 30- and 29-day months total 354 days. This describes an ideal arithmetic scheme; real lunations do not alternate with perfect regularity.",
      "evidence_layer": "Calendar reconstruction",
      "source": "https://pure.manchester.ac.uk/ws/portalfiles/portal/158031586/ReconstructingHJ4Q208_4Q209_2_.pdf"
    },
    {
      "term": "360-day solar scheme",
      "meaning": "Jacobus argues for a one-year synchronisation using an ideal 360-day solar scheme and a 354-day lunar scheme. This is a published proposal, not an agreed reading of every missing line.",
      "evidence_layer": "Attributed scholarly proposal",
      "source": "https://pure.manchester.ac.uk/ws/portalfiles/portal/158031586/ReconstructingHJ4Q208_4Q209_2_.pdf"
    },
    {
      "term": "Seasonal leaders and star orders",
      "meaning": "The fuller chapter 82 personifies divisions of the year through named leaders. A leader’s literary name does not identify a modern planet or catalogued star without further evidence.",
      "evidence_layer": "Fuller Ethiopic tradition in translation",
      "source": "https://www.ccel.org/c/charles/otpseudepig/enoch/ENOCH_3.HTM"
    }
  ],
  "names": [
    {
      "name": "Enoch",
      "role": "Recipient and narrator of celestial instruction",
      "chapter": "72:1; 80:1; 82:1",
      "limit": "A literary attribution; the physical fragments do not establish the historical author.",
      "source": "https://www.ccel.org/c/charles/otpseudepig/enoch/ENOCH_3.HTM",
      "layer": "Fuller Ethiopic tradition in Charles translation; not asserted attested in the selected Aramaic pieces"
    },
    {
      "name": "Uriel",
      "role": "Guide to the luminaries and their ordered courses",
      "chapter": "72:1; 75:3; 79:6",
      "limit": "An angelic guide in the account; no verified letter or modern celestial-object assignment here.",
      "source": "https://www.ccel.org/c/charles/otpseudepig/enoch/ENOCH_3.HTM",
      "layer": "Fuller Ethiopic tradition in Charles translation; not asserted attested in the selected Aramaic pieces"
    },
    {
      "name": "Methuselah",
      "role": "Son receiving the teaching and books",
      "chapter": "76:14; 82:1",
      "limit": "A handover within the narrative, not a manuscript colophon identifying a scribe.",
      "source": "https://www.ccel.org/c/charles/otpseudepig/enoch/ENOCH_3.HTM",
      "layer": "Fuller Ethiopic tradition in Charles translation; not asserted attested in the selected Aramaic pieces"
    },
    {
      "name": "Orjares; Tomas",
      "role": "Two names for the Sun",
      "chapter": "78:1",
      "limit": "Charles’s spellings; not two additional suns or independently identified stars.",
      "source": "https://www.ccel.org/c/charles/otpseudepig/enoch/ENOCH_3.HTM",
      "layer": "Fuller Ethiopic tradition in Charles translation; not asserted attested in the selected Aramaic pieces"
    },
    {
      "name": "Asonja; Ebla; Benase; Erae",
      "role": "Four names for the Moon",
      "chapter": "78:2",
      "limit": "The passage supplies four names; it does not explicitly assign one name to each lunar phase.",
      "source": "https://www.ccel.org/c/charles/otpseudepig/enoch/ENOCH_3.HTM",
      "layer": "Fuller Ethiopic tradition in Charles translation; not asserted attested in the selected Aramaic pieces"
    },
    {
      "name": "Milki’el; Hel’emmelek; Mel’ejal; Narel",
      "role": "Four leaders dividing the year",
      "chapter": "82:13",
      "limit": "The twelve monthly leaders and four seasonal leaders have different roles.",
      "source": "https://www.ccel.org/c/charles/otpseudepig/enoch/ENOCH_3.HTM",
      "layer": "Fuller Ethiopic tradition in Charles translation; not asserted attested in the selected Aramaic pieces"
    },
    {
      "name": "Adnar’el; Ijasusa’el; ’Elome’el",
      "role": "Names of leaders in the following order",
      "chapter": "82:14",
      "limit": "Retain the source’s hierarchy; do not complete missing name lists by invention.",
      "source": "https://www.ccel.org/c/charles/otpseudepig/enoch/ENOCH_3.HTM",
      "layer": "Fuller Ethiopic tradition in Charles translation; not asserted attested in the selected Aramaic pieces"
    },
    {
      "name": "Melkejal; Tam’aini",
      "role": "First ruling seasonal leader and alternate name in this edition",
      "chapter": "82:15–16",
      "limit": "Charles also prints Mel’ejal in verse 13. Variant forms are retained rather than silently equated.",
      "source": "https://www.ccel.org/c/charles/otpseudepig/enoch/ENOCH_3.HTM",
      "layer": "Fuller Ethiopic tradition in Charles translation; not asserted attested in the selected Aramaic pieces"
    },
    {
      "name": "Berka’el; Zelebs’el; Hilujaseph",
      "role": "Leaders under the first seasonal dominion",
      "chapter": "82:17",
      "limit": "Hilujaseph is described as an added head of a thousand; no verified zodiac assignment here.",
      "source": "https://www.ccel.org/c/charles/otpseudepig/enoch/ENOCH_3.HTM",
      "layer": "Fuller Ethiopic tradition in Charles translation; not asserted attested in the selected Aramaic pieces"
    },
    {
      "name": "Hel’emmelek",
      "role": "Next seasonal leader; a 91-day dominion",
      "chapter": "82:18–19",
      "limit": "The narrative associates this period with seasonal conditions; a modern date is not supplied.",
      "source": "https://www.ccel.org/c/charles/otpseudepig/enoch/ENOCH_3.HTM",
      "layer": "Fuller Ethiopic tradition in Charles translation; not asserted attested in the selected Aramaic pieces"
    },
    {
      "name": "Gida’ljal; Ke’el; He’el; Asfa’el",
      "role": "Leaders under the next seasonal dominion",
      "chapter": "82:20",
      "limit": "These names are not a complete twelve-sign planetary or Hebrew-letter table.",
      "source": "https://www.ccel.org/c/charles/otpseudepig/enoch/ENOCH_3.HTM",
      "layer": "Fuller Ethiopic tradition in Charles translation; not asserted attested in the selected Aramaic pieces"
    }
  ],
  "letters": [
    {
      "name": "Aleph",
      "glyph": "א",
      "family": "mothers",
      "correspondence": "Air · breath",
      "lesson": "/learn/aleph-breath/",
      "path": 11,
      "layer": "Babylon authored correspondence; not stated by these selected Enoch fragments"
    },
    {
      "name": "Bet",
      "glyph": "ב",
      "family": "doubles",
      "correspondence": "Saturn · structure",
      "lesson": "/learn/bet-saturn/",
      "path": 12,
      "layer": "Babylon authored correspondence; not stated by these selected Enoch fragments"
    },
    {
      "name": "Gimel",
      "glyph": "ג",
      "family": "doubles",
      "correspondence": "Jupiter · expansion",
      "lesson": "/learn/gimel-jupiter/",
      "path": 13,
      "layer": "Babylon authored correspondence; not stated by these selected Enoch fragments"
    },
    {
      "name": "Dalet",
      "glyph": "ד",
      "family": "doubles",
      "correspondence": "Mars · threshold and choice",
      "lesson": "/learn/dalet-threshold/",
      "path": 14,
      "layer": "Babylon authored correspondence; not stated by these selected Enoch fragments"
    },
    {
      "name": "Hey",
      "glyph": "ה",
      "family": "simples",
      "correspondence": "Aries · The Face",
      "lesson": "/learn/chamber-hey/",
      "path": 15,
      "layer": "Babylon authored correspondence; not stated by these selected Enoch fragments"
    },
    {
      "name": "Vav",
      "glyph": "ו",
      "family": "simples",
      "correspondence": "Taurus · The Hand That Holds",
      "lesson": "/learn/chamber-vav/",
      "path": 16,
      "layer": "Babylon authored correspondence; not stated by these selected Enoch fragments"
    },
    {
      "name": "Zayin",
      "glyph": "ז",
      "family": "simples",
      "correspondence": "Gemini · The Word",
      "lesson": "/learn/chamber-zayin/",
      "path": 17,
      "layer": "Babylon authored correspondence; not stated by these selected Enoch fragments"
    },
    {
      "name": "Chet",
      "glyph": "ח",
      "family": "simples",
      "correspondence": "Cancer · The Root",
      "lesson": "/learn/chamber-chet/",
      "path": 18,
      "layer": "Babylon authored correspondence; not stated by these selected Enoch fragments"
    },
    {
      "name": "Tet",
      "glyph": "ט",
      "family": "simples",
      "correspondence": "Leo · The Heart",
      "lesson": "/learn/tet-heart/",
      "path": 19,
      "layer": "Babylon authored correspondence; not stated by these selected Enoch fragments"
    },
    {
      "name": "Yod",
      "glyph": "י",
      "family": "simples",
      "correspondence": "Virgo · The Labor",
      "lesson": "/learn/chamber-yod/",
      "path": 20,
      "layer": "Babylon authored correspondence; not stated by these selected Enoch fragments"
    },
    {
      "name": "Kaf",
      "glyph": "כ",
      "family": "doubles",
      "correspondence": "Sun · light and expression",
      "lesson": "/learn/kaf-sun/",
      "path": 21,
      "layer": "Babylon authored correspondence; not stated by these selected Enoch fragments"
    },
    {
      "name": "Lamed",
      "glyph": "ל",
      "family": "simples",
      "correspondence": "Libra · The Mirror",
      "lesson": "/learn/lamed-mirror/",
      "path": 22,
      "layer": "Babylon authored correspondence; not stated by these selected Enoch fragments"
    },
    {
      "name": "Mem",
      "glyph": "מ",
      "family": "mothers",
      "correspondence": "Water · a changed perspective",
      "lesson": "/learn/mem-water/",
      "path": 23,
      "layer": "Babylon authored correspondence; not stated by these selected Enoch fragments"
    },
    {
      "name": "Nun",
      "glyph": "נ",
      "family": "simples",
      "correspondence": "Scorpio · The Descent",
      "lesson": "/learn/chamber-nun/",
      "path": 24,
      "layer": "Babylon authored correspondence; not stated by these selected Enoch fragments"
    },
    {
      "name": "Samech",
      "glyph": "ס",
      "family": "simples",
      "correspondence": "Sagittarius · The Long Road",
      "lesson": "/learn/chamber-samech/",
      "path": 25,
      "layer": "Babylon authored correspondence; not stated by these selected Enoch fragments"
    },
    {
      "name": "Ayin",
      "glyph": "ע",
      "family": "simples",
      "correspondence": "Capricorn · The Throne",
      "lesson": "/learn/chamber-ayin/",
      "path": 26,
      "layer": "Babylon authored correspondence; not stated by these selected Enoch fragments"
    },
    {
      "name": "Peh",
      "glyph": "פ",
      "family": "doubles",
      "correspondence": "Venus · desire",
      "lesson": "/learn/peh-venus/",
      "path": 27,
      "layer": "Babylon authored correspondence; not stated by these selected Enoch fragments"
    },
    {
      "name": "Tzadi",
      "glyph": "צ",
      "family": "simples",
      "correspondence": "Aquarius · The Dream",
      "lesson": "/learn/chamber-tzadi/",
      "path": 28,
      "layer": "Babylon authored correspondence; not stated by these selected Enoch fragments"
    },
    {
      "name": "Kof",
      "glyph": "ק",
      "family": "simples",
      "correspondence": "Pisces · The Hidden",
      "lesson": "/learn/chamber-kof/",
      "path": 29,
      "layer": "Babylon authored correspondence; not stated by these selected Enoch fragments"
    },
    {
      "name": "Resh",
      "glyph": "ר",
      "family": "doubles",
      "correspondence": "Mercury · language",
      "lesson": "/learn/resh-mercury/",
      "path": 30,
      "layer": "Babylon authored correspondence; not stated by these selected Enoch fragments"
    },
    {
      "name": "Shin",
      "glyph": "ש",
      "family": "mothers",
      "correspondence": "Fire · purposeful change",
      "lesson": "/learn/shin-fire/",
      "path": 31,
      "layer": "Babylon authored correspondence; not stated by these selected Enoch fragments"
    },
    {
      "name": "Tav",
      "glyph": "ת",
      "family": "doubles",
      "correspondence": "Moon · reflection and completion",
      "lesson": "/learn/tav-moon/",
      "path": 32,
      "layer": "Babylon authored correspondence; not stated by these selected Enoch fragments"
    }
  ]
}