{
  "schema_version": 1,
  "reviewed": "2026-11-07",
  "biography": {
    "id": "mingana-560",
    "title": "Al-Khujandi’s Instrument and Its Supplement",
    "identifier": "Mingana Islamic Arabic 560 · catalogue 1902",
    "catalogue_id": "mingana-560",
    "summary": "One codex preserves a base treatise and a separate supplement. Follow their authors, damaged passages and comparison manuscripts separately.",
    "work": "Kitab al-alah al-shamilah; separate Hibatallah supplement",
    "language": "Arabic",
    "repository": "Cadbury Research Library · University of Birmingham",
    "people": [
      {
        "role": "Attributed author · base work",
        "name": "Abu Mahmud Hamid ibn al-Khidr al-Khujandi",
        "status": "Catalogue attribution",
        "basis": "Work attribution is catalogued separately from the surviving Birmingham copy. Exact birth/death years are not established here.",
        "source_ids": [
          "ismi-base",
          "hogendijk"
        ]
      },
      {
        "role": "Attributed author · supplement",
        "name": "Hibatallah al-Asturlabi",
        "status": "Catalogue attribution",
        "basis": "ISMI’s separate supplement record names this author. The appendix must not be treated as an anonymous part of al-Khujandi’s original.",
        "source_ids": [
          "ismi-supplement"
        ]
      },
      {
        "role": "Scribe / scribes",
        "name": "Not established for Birmingham 560",
        "status": "Unknown",
        "basis": "No autograph claim or named Birmingham copyist has been verified in this review.",
        "source_ids": [
          "catalogue",
          "ismi-codex"
        ]
      }
    ],
    "communities": [
      {
        "name": "Islamic scientific manuscript tradition",
        "relation": "Language and scholarly subject context",
        "status": "Catalogue context",
        "note": "Arabic language and an author’s place-name do not establish a tribe, copying location or ethnic lineage.",
        "source_ids": [
          "ismi-base",
          "ismi-supplement"
        ]
      }
    ],
    "events": [
      {
        "id": "khujandi-composition",
        "kind": "Composition",
        "label": "Base treatise composition · exact year unassigned",
        "start": null,
        "end": null,
        "precision": "Unassigned",
        "status": "Open",
        "method": "Author/work bibliography",
        "reason": "An author’s approximate period does not provide an exact year for this treatise.",
        "source_ids": [
          "hogendijk",
          "ismi-base"
        ],
        "calendar": "Historical BCE/CE; no year zero",
        "reviewed": "2026-11-07"
      },
      {
        "id": "hibatallah-composition",
        "kind": "Composition",
        "label": "Supplement composition · separate date unassigned",
        "start": null,
        "end": null,
        "precision": "Unassigned",
        "status": "Open",
        "method": "Separate work record",
        "reason": "The base work and later supplement require distinct composition histories.",
        "source_ids": [
          "ismi-supplement"
        ],
        "calendar": "Historical BCE/CE; no year zero",
        "reviewed": "2026-11-07"
      },
      {
        "id": "mingana-copy",
        "kind": "Copy / manufacture",
        "label": "Thirteenth century CE · historical catalogue estimate",
        "start": 1201,
        "end": 1300,
        "precision": "Century",
        "status": "Historical assessment",
        "method": "Catalogue description; underlying basis to confirm",
        "reason": "Printed p. 353 gives an approximate copying period. No dated colophon or radiocarbon result is claimed.",
        "source_ids": [
          "catalogue"
        ],
        "calendar": "Historical BCE/CE; no year zero",
        "reviewed": "2026-11-07"
      },
      {
        "id": "mingana-discovery",
        "kind": "Discovery",
        "label": "Recovery and early ownership · not yet traced",
        "start": null,
        "end": null,
        "precision": "Unassigned",
        "status": "Open",
        "method": "Provenance / accession records needed",
        "reason": "Collection membership alone cannot reconstruct a complete custody chain.",
        "source_ids": [
          "catalogue",
          "ismi-codex"
        ],
        "calendar": "Historical BCE/CE; no year zero",
        "reviewed": "2026-11-07"
      },
      {
        "id": "mingana-catalogue",
        "kind": "Catalogue publication",
        "label": "1985 · revised catalogue description",
        "start": 1985,
        "end": 1985,
        "precision": "Year",
        "status": "Bibliographic anchor",
        "method": "Historical catalogue edition",
        "reason": "The catalogue publication date is separate from the manuscript estimate.",
        "source_ids": [
          "catalogue"
        ],
        "calendar": "Historical BCE/CE; no year zero",
        "reviewed": "2026-11-07"
      },
      {
        "id": "mingana-receipt",
        "kind": "Research access",
        "label": "2026 · study catalogue received privately",
        "start": 2026,
        "end": 2026,
        "precision": "Year",
        "status": "Receipt recorded",
        "method": "Reviewed project record",
        "reason": "Receiving a catalogue does not mean manuscript images, an edition or a translation have been obtained.",
        "source_ids": [
          "cadbury-response"
        ],
        "calendar": "Historical BCE/CE; no year zero",
        "reviewed": "2026-11-07"
      },
      {
        "id": "mingana-inquiry",
        "kind": "Correspondence",
        "label": "6 November 2026 · Oxford comparison inquiry",
        "start": 2026,
        "end": 2026,
        "precision": "Day in label; year on overview",
        "status": "Automatic acknowledgement only",
        "method": "Reviewed dispatch / response record",
        "reason": "The acknowledgement supplies no folio, edition or permission answer.",
        "source_ids": [
          "oxford-request"
        ],
        "calendar": "Historical BCE/CE; no year zero",
        "reviewed": "2026-11-07"
      }
    ],
    "translations": [
      {
        "language": "English",
        "scope": "Base work · whole-work availability research",
        "passage": "Birmingham main work, folios 2–30; surviving sequence incomplete",
        "status": "Current edition / translation status unverified",
        "edition": "Hogendijk reports Lorch’s unpublished edition work; current confirmation pending",
        "source_ids": [
          "catalogue",
          "hogendijk"
        ],
        "coverage_url": "/research/mingana-quran-and-timekeeping/#edition-status"
      },
      {
        "language": "English",
        "scope": "Separate Hibatallah supplement",
        "passage": "Folios 31–35; possible defective ending",
        "status": "Translation coverage not checked",
        "edition": "Separate bibliography and parallel-witness check needed",
        "source_ids": [
          "catalogue",
          "ismi-supplement"
        ],
        "coverage_url": "/research/mingana-quran-and-timekeeping/#separate-supplement"
      }
    ],
    "claims": [
      {
        "id": "mingana-two-works",
        "text": "The codex contains a base work and a separately attributed supplement.",
        "status": "Catalogue distinction located; manuscript collation pending",
        "witnesses": [
          {
            "slot": 1,
            "status": "Supports",
            "note": "The historical catalogue separates the sections and folios.",
            "source_ids": [
              "catalogue"
            ],
            "independence_group": "catalogue"
          },
          {
            "slot": 2,
            "status": "Dependent",
            "note": "ISMI also distinguishes two works, but its dependence on catalogue literature has not been resolved.",
            "source_ids": [
              "ismi-codex",
              "ismi-supplement"
            ],
            "independence_group": "ismi-catalogue-tradition"
          },
          {
            "slot": 3,
            "status": "Pending",
            "note": "Compare photographs and the opening / closing words with another identified witness.",
            "source_ids": [],
            "independence_group": null
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "mingana-translation-status",
        "text": "The present publication status requires a current bibliographical check.",
        "status": "Specialist report located; absence not established",
        "witnesses": [
          {
            "slot": 1,
            "status": "Supports",
            "note": "A specialist guide reports unpublished edition / translation work.",
            "source_ids": [
              "hogendijk"
            ],
            "independence_group": "hogendijk"
          },
          {
            "slot": 2,
            "status": "Pending",
            "note": "Obtain a current published reference or a custodian / specialist referral.",
            "source_ids": [],
            "independence_group": null
          },
          {
            "slot": 3,
            "status": "Pending",
            "note": "Search edition and research-paper catalogues, distinguishing other works by this author.",
            "source_ids": [],
            "independence_group": null
          }
        ]
      }
    ],
    "gaps": [
      {
        "id": "mingana-oxford",
        "kind": "Comparison witness",
        "priority": "High",
        "question": "Which folios of Huntington 566 preserve the base work, and are existing study images available?",
        "action": "Await substantive Bodleian response; do not repeat yesterday’s inquiry.",
        "case": "oxf-huntington-20261106"
      },
      {
        "id": "mingana-supplement",
        "kind": "Authorship / text identity",
        "priority": "High",
        "question": "Does Marsh 663 preserve the same supplement or a related work?",
        "action": "Match catalogue identity and opening / closing words before counting another witness.",
        "case": "oxf-huntington-20261106"
      },
      {
        "id": "mingana-images",
        "kind": "Access / rights",
        "priority": "High",
        "question": "Which exact folios or existing surrogates would be sufficient for the first comparison?",
        "action": "Define a small selection; obtain an estimate before placing any non-cancellable imaging order.",
        "case": "birm-20261105"
      }
    ],
    "source_ids": [
      "catalogue",
      "ismi-codex",
      "ismi-base",
      "ismi-supplement",
      "hogendijk",
      "imaging",
      "oxford-request",
      "cadbury-response"
    ],
    "case": "oxf-huntington-20261106"
  },
  "sources": {
    "catalogue": {
      "id": "catalogue",
      "title": "Hopwood, ed. · Mingana Catalogue IV, revised edition (1985)",
      "url": "https://calmview.bham.ac.uk/Record.aspx?src=CalmView.Catalog&id=XMingana",
      "kind": "Historical catalogue",
      "locator": "Catalogue 1902 (560), printed p. 353; introduction",
      "scope": "Selected description consulted in a privately supplied copy. Public link is the collection and catalogue-request route; PDFs are not redistributed.",
      "independence_group": "catalogue",
      "checked": "2026-11-07"
    },
    "ismi-codex": {
      "id": "ismi-codex",
      "title": "ISMI · Islamic Arabic 560",
      "url": "https://ismi.mpiwg-berlin.mpg.de/codex/198991",
      "kind": "Scientific manuscript catalogue",
      "locator": "Codex 198991; witnesses 99404 and 110393",
      "scope": "One codex with separately identified base work and supplement. Bibliographic dependence on older catalogues requires checking.",
      "independence_group": "ismi-catalogue-tradition",
      "checked": "2026-11-07"
    },
    "ismi-base": {
      "id": "ismi-base",
      "title": "ISMI · Kitab al-alah al-shamilah",
      "url": "https://ismi.mpiwg-berlin.mpg.de/text/106303",
      "kind": "Scientific manuscript catalogue",
      "locator": "Work 106303",
      "scope": "Four listed comparison witnesses; no independent photographic collation by Babylon.",
      "independence_group": "ismi-catalogue-tradition",
      "checked": "2026-11-07"
    },
    "ismi-supplement": {
      "id": "ismi-supplement",
      "title": "ISMI · Hibatallah supplement",
      "url": "https://ismi.mpiwg-berlin.mpg.de/text/99184",
      "kind": "Scientific manuscript catalogue",
      "locator": "Work 99184",
      "scope": "Separate work and named attributed author; one witness listed on this record.",
      "independence_group": "ismi-catalogue-tradition",
      "checked": "2026-11-07"
    },
    "hogendijk": {
      "id": "hogendijk",
      "title": "Jan P. Hogendijk · al-Khujandi bibliography",
      "url": "https://www.jphogendijk.nl/khujandi.html",
      "kind": "Specialist research guide",
      "locator": "Extant works, item 1; biographical introduction",
      "scope": "Reports unpublished edition work and warns that exact birth/death dates are unknown. Current edition status requires confirmation.",
      "independence_group": "hogendijk",
      "checked": "2026-11-07"
    },
    "imaging": {
      "id": "imaging",
      "title": "Cadbury · imaging and publication conditions",
      "url": "https://www.birmingham.ac.uk/facilities/cadbury/imaging-services",
      "kind": "Public institutional policy",
      "locator": "Study/publication forms, imaging charges, cancellation conditions",
      "scope": "Study copying and public sharing are separate requests. Any order requires a separately approved exact scope and cost.",
      "independence_group": "imaging",
      "checked": "2026-11-07"
    },
    "oxford-request": {
      "id": "oxford-request",
      "title": "Babylon · Huntington 566 inquiry",
      "url": "https://learn.babylonencyclopedia.com/resources/institution-access-desk/#oxf-huntington-20261106",
      "kind": "Project correspondence summary",
      "locator": "Bodleian inquiry, sent 6 November 2026",
      "scope": "Automatic acknowledgement received; no substantive answer recorded.",
      "independence_group": "project-outreach",
      "checked": "2026-11-07"
    },
    "cadbury-response": {
      "id": "cadbury-response",
      "title": "Babylon · Cadbury correspondence and catalogue receipt",
      "url": "https://learn.babylonencyclopedia.com/resources/institution-access-desk/#birm-20261105",
      "kind": "Project correspondence summary",
      "locator": "Catalogue receipt and 6 November reply",
      "scope": "Private catalogue receipt; separate manuscript image and publication permissions remain ungranted.",
      "independence_group": "project-outreach",
      "checked": "2026-11-07"
    }
  }
}