Islam and Qur’an study

Islam

The religious tradition centered on worship of Allah and the Qur’an, with diverse communities of interpretation and practice.

Qur’an

Islam’s scripture in Arabic; a translation conveys an interpretation of meaning and is not identical to the Arabic text.

Also found as: Quran · Koran

Allah

The Arabic designation of God; the Qur’an’s theology must be read in its own terms.

Tawhid

The affirmation of God’s oneness, central to Islamic theology; Qur’an 112 provides a concise reading doorway.

Also found as: tawḥīd

Surah

A chapter of the Qur’an; chapter names and verse numbering help locate the reading.

Also found as: sura

Ayah

A Qur’anic verse or sign; record its surah and verse number when citing a passage.

Also found as: aya · ayat

Al-Fatihah

The opening surah of the Qur’an; prayer and guidance are central to its language.

Also found as: Al-Fatiha

Al-Ikhlas

Surah 112, affirming divine oneness and incomparability; preserve its particular theological claims.

Al-Falaq

Surah 113, an appeal for protection; read its words before introducing a symbolic interpretation.

An-Nas

Surah 114, an appeal to the Lord of humankind; distinguish the passage from claims about another person’s thoughts.

Muhammad

The prophet central to Islam’s reception of the Qur’an; this introductory directory does not replace Islamic scholarship.

Isa

Jesus in the Qur’an; the Qur’anic presentation differs from Christian accounts and deserves its own reading.

Also found as: ʿIsa

Maryam

Mary in the Qur’an, including the surah named for her; read her account within its Qur’anic setting.

Musa

Moses in the Qur’an; compare individual passages with Torah accounts while preserving both voices.

Also found as: Mūsā

Ibrahim

Abraham in the Qur’an; his narrative and theological role need their own passage references.

Also found as: Ibrāhīm

Yusuf

Joseph in the Qur’an, especially Surah 12; distinguish the Qur’anic telling from Genesis’s sequence.

Salah

Islamic ritual prayer, with practices learned within Muslim communities and legal traditions.

Also found as: salat

Zakah

Obligatory almsgiving in Islamic practice; specific duties and calculations require qualified religious guidance.

Also found as: zakat

Sawm

Fasting in Islamic practice, especially Ramadan; a vocabulary definition does not determine an individual’s obligations.

Hajj

The pilgrimage to Mecca within Islamic practice; this directory is not a pilgrimage manual or ruling.

Sabr

Patience and steadfastness in Qur’anic vocabulary; Babylon’s application never demands remaining in abuse or refusing help.

Shukr

Gratitude in Islamic devotional vocabulary; it need not erase grief or practical need.

Rahmah

Mercy or compassion in Qur’anic vocabulary; identify how the word functions in the passage.

Also found as: rahma

Taqwa

God-consciousness or reverent attentiveness in Islamic vocabulary; translations highlight different aspects.

Tafsir

Interpretation or commentary on the Qur’an; record the commentator rather than treating all readings as interchangeable.