K.160 is witness C. Its damaged opening entry belongs to omen 8, C lines 1′–3′. Table IV distributes the complete reconstructed sequence among several witnesses.
Sky records & flood tablets · Akkadian
Venus Tablet K.160: why a complete sentence can combine witnesses
Omen 8 has an identifiable K.160 contribution, but the edition’s reconstructed Venus sequence combines information from several tablets.
Witness siglum and edition unit checked
- Physical witness
- British Museum K.160 · edition witness C
- Selected unit
- Enūma Anu Enlil 63, omen 8 · witness C lines 1′–3′
- Edition or research reference
- Erica Reiner and David Pingree, Babylonian Planetary Omens, part 1 (1975); consulted printed pp. 11, 14, 18, 28 and 32.
- Review boundary
- The rendered edition pages, transcription pattern and tables were inspected; no independent tablet-photograph collation was completed.
Follow the reading
The edition supplies continuous English translations for omens 1–2. Omen 8 must be read through its transcription, the standard pattern and the tables together; this study gives an original explanatory paraphrase.
K.160’s siglum C and contribution to omen 8, lines 1′–3′, are located in the edition. The provenance of the reconstructed numbers is distinguishable.
Read the selected passage
Omen 8 links Venus’s eastern disappearance with a western reappearance. The reconstructed sequence gives month V day 21, an absence of two months eleven days and a return on month VIII day 2. The omen associates the event with rain; its second outcome term remains untranslated in the English table.
Those values are not all preserved identically on K.160. Table IV attributes the departure date to A, the absence interval to B and the return date to A and C. The complete-looking reading is a composite, while C preserves damaged portions.
What remains to check
Collate C’s surviving signs against the photograph, compare the other witnesses and investigate the untranslated outcome term. A modern calendar date or cosmic epoch has not been established.
Bring the learning forward
Separate what you observe, what you inherit as an explanation and what you choose to do now. This inward discernment exercise uses the study’s method; it does not convert the ancient omen into a prediction about another person.
The Father and Yeshua remain Babylon’s devotional centre. This reflection offers perspective and a freely chosen next step; it makes no judgement about a reader’s worth.
Sources you can retrace
These source links identify the consulted catalogue, transcription, edition or scholarly quotation. Source images and complete modern translations remain at their original hosts.
- Undena · Reiner and Pingree 1975 ↗
Erica Reiner and David Pingree, 1975. Printed p. 28 at PDF page 29; compare Tables III–IV and the named witness descriptions. No source-page images are reproduced.
Consulted publisher-hosted edition
Cite this Babylon study
Babylon Learning Centre. “Venus Tablet K.160: why a complete sentence can combine witnesses.” Passage Research Studio, revision 1, 5 November 2026. https://learn.babylonencyclopedia.com/research/passages/venus-k160-omen-eight/
The ancient edition is credited separately above. These downloads cite Babylon’s study, not a new edition or translation of the manuscript.
Compare this passage ↗Prepare a notebook for this passage ↗Correct or extend this study ↗Revision history ↗Explore the contextual vocabulary ↗View the wider translation map ↗
Learning in the Light
In Babylon, the Father’s light opens perspective, learning and a chosen next step. Your worth remains intact. Every person is sovereign, with dignity, freedom and room to grow.
Read the learning principle ↗