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BABYLON RESEARCH · MINGANA FINDINGS

Follow the manuscript.
Find the next answer.

A focused review of Qur’an folios, an astronomical instrument treatise and a dated calendar—connecting historical catalogue descriptions to current public records.

Reviewed 6 November 2026 · Catalogue review and selected public-record checks

What has changed

Three supplied catalogue PDFs have been received and retained privately. Selected descriptions now have comparison records and specific next questions. No supplied PDF, catalogue scan or private incoming email is reproduced here.

What Cadbury’s response resolves

The library directed the Oxford comparison question to the Bodleian and explained the route for study copies, on-site copying and publication requests. The verse-boundary discrepancy remains unanswered. Receiving a study catalogue does not grant permission to republish it or manuscript photographs. The public imaging policy is linked below; no paid service has been ordered.

SIX SELECTED CASES · NO GLOBAL TRANSLATION COUNT

The evidence, the gap, the next check

Identities and dating boundaries checked

Three Qur’an shelfmarks need separate records

Islamic Arabic 1572a · 1572b · 1563

What we can document

The historical catalogue used an unsplit 1572 entry. Current Birmingham records distinguish 1572a’s two leaves from 1572b’s seven. Its radiocarbon result for 1572a dates parchment, not ink; it must not be transferred to 1572b. The failed 1572b sample provides no radiocarbon result.

What remains open

Reconcile the historical folio order with modern shelfmarks and images. Preserve the old catalogue’s dating estimates as historical descriptions, not replacements for current assessments.

The next check

Make a folio-by-folio concordance before combining coverage or dates.

Two published descriptions compared; explanation unconfirmed

A specific Hud verse-numbering discrepancy remains open

Islamic Arabic 1563 · old 11a/11b and current 11r/11v

What we can document

The historical catalogue gives 11:46–51 and 11:51–57 on these faces. Corpus Coranicum aligns the current faces with 11:44–49 and 11:49–54, including partial verses. Different numbering conventions are a possible lead; a precise concordance has not established the explanation.

What remains open

Cadbury’s latest reply clarified manuscript-reference notation but did not resolve these verse boundaries. Surah 71 must not be described as a missing chapter in these fragments merely because it is absent from their recorded coverage.

The next check

Compare visible wording on each face against the cited editions, numbering systems and folio identities; record partial verses explicitly.

Historical losses described; comparison route located

A damaged instrument treatise has comparison witnesses

Catalogue 1902 (560) · printed p. 353

What we can document

The catalogue describes a later first leaf, the main al-Khujandi work beginning on folio 2, a substantial break in its sequence and a surviving fragment on folio 30. ISMI lists four witnesses of the base work: Birmingham 560, Bursa Haraççıoğlu 1217, Cairo Miqat 970 and Oxford Huntington 566.

What remains open

A loss in Birmingham’s copy is not proof that the work is lost in every witness. Oxford’s exact folios, completeness and study-image availability remain to be confirmed.

The next check

Obtain existing Oxford catalogue and image references, then select a short matching passage for a documented comparison.

Separate work identified; parallel copy unconfirmed

The Hibatallah appendix is a separate research question

Birmingham 560 · folios 31–35

What we can document

The catalogue describes a Hibatallah supplement following the main treatise and notes possible incompleteness at its end. ISMI identifies it as a separate work within the same codex. Its work record lists Birmingham 560.

What remains open

Huntington 566’s association with the base text does not establish that it preserves this supplement. Marsh 663, folios 163–189, is a possible related-work lead, not a confirmed duplicate.

The next check

Ask for the correct Marsh catalogue record and compare title, opening and closing words before treating it as a parallel witness.

Scholarly lead located; present coverage unverified

An edition lead needs a current bibliographical answer

Al-Khujandi · Kitab al-alah al-shamilah

What we can document

Hogendijk’s guide reports Richard Lorch’s edition and translation work as unpublished. A 2025 institutional report documents further research on al-Shāmila. Neither source supplies a verified complete edition for this dossier.

What remains open

An unpublished-work report is not a worldwide census of translations. Current publications, research papers and the status of Lorch’s materials require specialist confirmation.

The next check

Request existing references and referrals, rather than label every witness wholly untranslated.

Historical catalogue description checked

A dated calendar can test methods of human timekeeping

Catalogue 1915 (571) · printed p. 356

What we can document

The catalogue identifies an anonymous Ottoman astrological calendar for 1055 AH / 1645 CE, associated with Ibrahim I, in fourteen leaves. This is a defined later witness for studying calendar practices.

What remains open

The actual tables, place, computational method and epoch have not been read from manuscript images. This description supplies no independent date for an ancient Flood or the first human act of counting.

The next check

Locate existing images and an edition; transcribe a selected table with its labels and units before testing its calculation.

Keep the gap identifiable

Different questions require different evidence
QuestionEvidence needed
Physical lossA folio or passage absent in this particular witness, checked against images and other copies.
Reading uncertaintyVisible wording, damage marks and the editor’s proposed reading.
Edition or translation coverageAn identified publication and the exact passages it includes.
Digital accessAn existing image, surrogate or custodian’s access route.
Public reuseThe applicable licence or explicit permission for the intended use.

An undigitized manuscript can have a published translation. A translated work can survive in an uncollated witness. A restricted photograph is not evidence that the text is concealed.

Connect to the clock with a visible human reference

Babylon’s clock concerns human counting and recorded time, not the age of the universe. A medieval instrument text or Ottoman calendar can illuminate a method. Its copying date, the period it describes, its computational epoch and Babylon’s chosen era must each be recorded separately. None validates a Flood date merely by sharing a number or cycle.

Sources and review boundaries

The catalogue’s 1985 descriptions are historical evidence. Public records were checked separately. This review has not completed an independent Arabic collation, manuscript translation or global publication census. Full source texts and images remain with their responsible hosts.

  1. Derek Hopwood, ed. · Mingana Catalogue IV, revised edition (1985) ↗

    Historical catalogue consulted privately: printed pp. 1–2, 353 and 356, and the revised-edition introduction. The public link identifies the collection and catalogue request route. Supplied PDFs are not redistributed.

  2. Birmingham · Qur’an manuscript FAQs ↗

    Current institutional descriptions distinguish 1572a, 1572b and 1563. Parchment radiocarbon dating is separate from the date of writing.

  3. Corpus Coranicum · Mingana 1563, folio 11r ↗

    Current verse alignment: 011:044:010–011:049:004. Alignment and an accompanying reference translation are not a new diplomatic translation of every manuscript reading.

  4. Corpus Coranicum · Mingana 1563, folio 11v ↗

    Current verse alignment: 011:049:005–011:054:005. Compare the photograph, historical catalogue and numbering systems before reconciling the difference.

  5. Michael Marx · The Quran—the First Arabic Book (2011) ↗

    The discussion distinguishes Flügel numbering from the Cairo edition’s system. This is a possible research lead, not a demonstrated explanation for this manuscript discrepancy.

  6. ISMI · al-Khujandi’s comprehensive instrument treatise ↗

    Four listed witnesses, including Huntington 566. A catalogue association is not an independent collation of the manuscripts.

  7. ISMI · Birmingham Islamic Arabic 560 ↗

    One physical codex contains two separately identified works. Base work: witness 99404. Supplement: witness 110393.

  8. ISMI · Hibatallah’s supplement ↗

    This work record lists Birmingham 560. It does not establish that the Oxford witness contains the same appendix.

  9. ISMI · Huntington 566 witness record ↗

    Located comparison candidate. Current folio extent, losses and existing study-image routes have been requested from the Bodleian.

  10. Jan P. Hogendijk · al-Khujandi bibliographical guide ↗

    The guide reports unpublished edition/translation work by Richard Lorch. Current publication status requires confirmation. Related works by the same author must be checked separately.

  11. Istanbul Medeniyet University · 2025 Scientiae research report ↗

    Records a presentation on al-Shāmila as a sundial. A conference presentation does not itself establish a completed critical edition or translation.

  12. Cadbury Research Library · imaging services ↗

    Separate study and publication processes; fees may apply. Self-service photography has conditions. No chargeable order has been placed for this investigation.

  13. Bodleian Special Collections · contact and support ↗

    Official route used for the focused Huntington 566 inquiry sent on 6 November 2026. A response is pending.

Learning in the Light

In Babylon, the Father’s light opens perspective, learning and a chosen next step. Your worth remains intact. Every person is sovereign, with dignity, freedom and room to grow.

Read the learning principle ↗

Trace the document’s full history

Follow authorship, copies, discovery, dating methods, translation coverage and three evidence slots for each pilot claim.

Trace the document’s full history ↗